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linux下apache+tomcat集群详细配置

发布时间:2014-09-05 16:45:05作者:知识屋

 

环境:

操作系统均为:CentOS 5.1

Apache2.X服务器一台:IP地址192.168.232.4;安装路径/usr/local/apache;

Tomcat6服务器一台:IP地址192.168.232.5;安装路径/usr/local/tomcat;

Tomcat6服务器一台:IP地址192.168.232.6;安装路径/usr/local/tomcat;

 

配置:

Apache安装:

#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --enable-modules=so --enable-mods-shared=all --enable-proxy --enable-proxy-connect --enable-proxy-ftp --enable-proxy-http --enable-proxy-ajp --enable-proxy-balancer --enable-rewrite

注释:激活tomcat集群需要的enable-proxy,enable-proxy-http,enable-proxy-connect,enable-proxy-ajp和enable-proxy-balancer,其中proxy-ajp和proxy-balancer必须依赖proxy,如果是自定义的编译除了以上几个必须的模块外,mod_status也要编译进去,切记。enable-proxy-ftp可以不编译。

#make;make install

 

制作Apache启动项:

#cp support/apachectl /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd

#vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd

添加以下内容:(包括#号)

# Startup script for the Apache Web Server

# chkconfig: 2345 85 15

# description: Apache is a World Wide Web server .It is used to server

# HTML files and CGI.

# processname: httpd

# pidfile: /usr/local/apache/log/httpd.pid

# config: /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf

增加服务项

#chkconfig --add httpd

#chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd

#chkconfig --level 345 httpd on

 

JDK安装:

#chmod a+x jdk-6u4-linux-i586-rpm.bin

#./jdk-6u4-linux-i586-rpm.bin

 

JAVA环境变量设置:

#vi /etc/profile

在文件最后添加以下内容:

JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_04

CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar

PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH

CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat

export JAVA_HOME CLASSPATH PATH CATALINA_HOME

执行如下命令使环境变量生效:

source /etc/profile

测试配置是否成功:

java –version

 

Tomcat安装:

#wget [url]http://apache.mirror.phpchina.com/tomcat/tomcat-6/v6.0.16/bin/apache-tomcat-6.0.16.tar.gz[/url]

#tar zxvf apache-tomcat-6.0.16.tar.gz

#mv apache-tomcat-6.0.16 /usr/local/tomcat

 

Tomcat随机启动:

#vi /etc/rc.local

添加以下内容:

/usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh

 

tomcat6配置文件server.xml:

<!-- You should set jvmRoute to support load-balancing via AJP ie :

<Engine name="Standalone" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="jvm1">

-->

<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost">

改成

 

<!-- You should set jvmRoute to support load-balancing via AJP ie :

-->

<Engine name="Standalone" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcatX">

<!--

<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost">

-->

说明:

第一台tomcat就把jvmRoute="tomcat1"

第二台tomcat就把jvmRoute="tomcat2"

 

<!--

<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"/>

-->

去掉注释变为

<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"/>

***群集详细配置***

<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"

channelSendOptions="8">

 

<Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"

expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"

notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/>

 

<Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">

<Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"

address="228.0.0.4"

port="45564"

frequency="500"

dropTime="3000"/>

<Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"

address="auto"

port="4000"

autoBind="100"

selectorTimeout="5000"

maxThreads="6"/>

 

<Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter">

<Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/>

</Sender>

<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/>

<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/>

</Channel>

 

<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve"

filter=""/>

<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve"/>

 

<Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"

tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/"

deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/"

watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/"

watchEnabled="false"/>

 

<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener"/>

<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>

</Cluster>

 

配置应用的web.xml:

在每个webapps应用中,修改配置文件web.xml文件 添加元素<distributable/>

在web.xml文件中<web-app>元素下增加以下内容:

<!--此应用将与群集服务器复制Session-->

<distributable/>

具体修改如下:

修改前:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>

<web-app xmlns="[url]http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee[/url]"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee [url]http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd[/url]"

version="2.5">

</web-app>

修改后:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>

<web-app xmlns="[url]http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee[/url]"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee [url]http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd[/url]"

version="2.5">

<!--此应用将与群集服务器复制Session-->

<distributable/>

</web-app> www.zhishiwu.com

配置apache的ajp负载均衡功能:

确保将以下Module的注释去掉

LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so

LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so

LoadModule proxy_ftp_module modules/mod_proxy_ftp.so

LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so

LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so

LoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules/mod_proxy_balancer.so

LoadModule status_module modules/mod_status.so

增加以下内容:

# Proxypass Config

Include conf/extra/httpd-modproxy.conf

建立文件httpd-modproxy.conf输入内容:

<Location /server-status>

SetHandler server-status

Order Deny,Allow

Deny from all

Allow from all

</Location>

<Location /balancer-manager>

SetHandler balancer-manager

Order Deny,Allow

Deny from all

Allow from all

</Location>

ProxyRequests Off

ProxyPass / balancer://tomcatcluster stickysession=jsessionid nofailover=On

 

<Proxy balancer://tomcatcluster>

BalancerMember [url]http://192.168.232.5:8080[/url] loadfactor=1

BalancerMember [url]http://192.168.232.6:8080[/url] loadfactor=2

</Proxy>

注释:

ProxyRequests Off 表示启用反向代理,必须开启;

ProxyPass为代理转发的Url,即将所有访问/的请求转发到群集balancer://tomcatcluster,这里为/即将所有访问/的请求转发到群集balancer://tomcatcluster的/test目录;

BalancerMember为群集的成员,即群集服务器1或2,负载均衡服务器会根据均衡规则来将请求转发给BalancerMember;

 

调试负载均衡集群系统:

访问apache服务器的web服务:[url]http://192.168.232.4/balancer-manager[/url]

如果显示负载均衡有关信息则说明成功了,接着可以访问[url]http://192.168.232.4/[/url]即访问到了tomcat的应用

***必须先启动Tomcat服务再启动Apache服务!***

 

参考文档:

http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-6.0-doc/cluster-howto.html

http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-6.0-doc/balancer-howto.html

http://man.chinaunix.net/newsoft/ApacheMenual_CN_2.2new/mod/mod_proxy.html

http://man.chinaunix.net/newsoft/ApacheMenual_CN_2.2new/mod/mod_proxy_balancer.html

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